CGNAT(Carrier-Grade NAT)
An ISP setup where many customers share one public IP, making inbound connections impossible without workarounds.
If you're behind CGNAT, port forwarding won't work. Overlay VPNs like Tailscale or a cloud tunnel let you reach your server anyway, without a public IP.
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VPN(Virtual Private Network)
An encrypted tunnel that lets you securely access your home network from anywhere as if you were local.
Dynamic DNS(DDNS)
A service that keeps a domain name pointed at your home's changing public IP address.